Bp Oil Spill Case Study - 1237 Words

BP Oil Spill Case Study Brooke Campbell Lander University ere several factors that contributed to the accident: †¢ Valve Failure: The pipe was sealed in two different ways. The pipe was filled with cement and it also had two different valves to stop the flow of gas and oil. All of the valves did not operate correctly, causing the oil and gas to go up through the pipe and head towards the surface. †¢ Leak was spotted too late: The crew at the surface should have been able to see or detect that there was a flow of oil and gas that was going towards the surface by looking at different pressures that were not supposed to be there. There was a pressure increase 50 minutes before the rig exploded, but nobody realized. †¢ Absense of Gas Alarm: There should have been an alarm that sounded and should have triggered ventilation fans to prevent gas being able to get lit, but the alarm system failed to work or operate. †¢ Absense of BOP Battery: Because of the explosion, the control lines that the workers were using to try to close safety valves in the blowout preventer were destroyed. But the blowout preventer has its own safety device where two different systems should have automatically closed the valves once contact was lost with the surface. Of the two systems, one of them had a battery that did not work and the other one had a defective switch. †¢ Overwhelmed Separator: The members of the crew had the choice of pushing the mud and gas away from the rig, which would vent itShow MoreRelatedCase Study on Bp Oil Spill816 Words   |  4 PagesGROUP PROJECT- CASE STUDY | A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the course | | MODERN INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT | INSTRUCTORS: PROF. S.K. BARUA PROF. J.R. VARMAACADEMIC ASSOCIATE: MS. VAISHALI SATTAREPORT PREPARED BYGROUP 12MEENAKSHI DEOGAM M. SHYAMNIMISHA SAXENARAGHAV YADAVROHAN ANANDDATE OF SUBMISSION: 24TH AUGUST, 2010 | | Effect of BP oil spill and subsequent market reaction on the assets of pension funds andRead MoreCase Study: BP and the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill3602 Words   |  15 Pages......................................................2 Do you agree with Tony Hayward’s quote at the end of the case? .................................................................2 Was this disaster strictly a BP failure or an industry accident?........................................................................2 What factors affect the competitive environment of the oil industry? ...........................................................2 Question 2 ...............................Read MoreBp And The Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill Case Study3246 Words   |  13 Pages BP and the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Case Study Tamatha French Management 6000 Hawaii Pacific University â€Æ' Introduction and Background On April 20, 2010, the petroleum industry suffered the largest maritime disaster oil spill in its history known as the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The Deepwater Horizon oil rig that had been working on a well for BP in the Gulf exploded and went up in flames. Subsequently, massive amounts of oil spilled out into the water, threatening the marine life andRead MoreKey Stakeholders And Their Involvement1159 Words   |  5 Pagesfalling since the explosion, and have not returned to the original value before the incident (Read, 2010). Dividends were also not given out that year (ibid). As such, BP had to take measures to regain shareholder confidence. This incident also led to the resignation of BP’s Chief Executive Tony Hayward. Government As the oil spill concerned United States’ citizens and land, the US government stepped in to overlook the clean up of the disaster (Read, 2010). Aside from setting up a $20 billion fundRead MoreBritish Petroleum on the Treatment of Environment and Workers1720 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction British Petroleum (BP) was originated in 1866 and is one of the main providers of oil and gasoline in the world, and the single largest in North America. The company functions in 28 countries worldwide, refining an average 2,352 barrels of oil per day. During the years, BP has had major occurrences in which their workers have been hurt or even not survived, triggering tremendous damage to the environment too. Primarily accidents started to happen during March 2005, when Texas CityRead MoreStrategic And Value Of Operations Management1599 Words   |  7 Pagesshareholders and stakeholders. This case study will briefly explore the importance of managing activities in today’s modern operations, and why it is critical to understand the strategic and value of operations management. We will examine the British Petroleum (BP) oil spill that occurred out in the Gulf of Mexico in April of 2010. The oil spill not only stirred many controversies but also affected the relationship of two of BP’s business partners. Most importantly, the oil spill has affected our coastal ecosystemRead MoreBP Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill 905 Words   |  4 PagesCASE STUDY- MINI CASE: BP GULF OF MEXICO OIL SPILL CASE SUMMARY 1. In a narrative format, summarize the key facts and issues of the case. In the case of the BP Gulf of Mexico oil spill, we examine the effects of an organization not being prepared for this particular crisis. The world scrutinized the actions, inactions, and the human decisions made by BP that led to a major catastrophic crisis. The organization was not prepared for a crisis of this magnitude. Our text stated that this type of negligenceRead MoreDear Ceo And Board Of Trustees Essay1289 Words   |  6 Pagesand Board of Trustees Introduction As you are aware, on April 20, 2010, explosions occurred in the Gulf of Mexico sinking the Deepwater Horizon oil rig and tragically killed 11 people This oil spill is now considered the worst oil spill in United States history. During the search and rescue, an underwater camera was discovered which revealed a leak in the BP pipeline. Because the well is located approximately 5,000 feet beneath the deep, dark sea with temperatures just above freezing and extremelyRead MoreSocial, Cultural and Environmental Responsibility of Corporate Business Leaders1482 Words   |  6 PagesReview This study investigates corporate social responsibilities. We begin by introducing the concept of CSR and the concept of Sustainable Development, than we emphasize on the importance of the two concepts, we also show a case study of a company that didn’t take these values into consideration, the impact of the company’s behavior on the company itself and on the stakeholders as well, and finally we conclude the study by a critical opinion and some recommendations. This study was based onRead MoreWhy Law And Ethics Should Be Legal1501 Words   |  7 Pagesethics would be the recent oil spill. The third-largest energy company that produces about 3.8 million barrels of oil and gas per day and also owns 22,400 service stations over the world is the company, BP. However, on April 20th, 2010, that same company created one of the greatest oil spill disasters recorded in the U.S. history in the Gulf of Mexico. The Deepwater Horizon oil rig explosion caused the deaths of 11 workers, injured 17 workers as well as a humungous oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico,

Ageism Discrimination Against Older People - 865 Words

Ageism Ageism is â€Å"discrimination against older people.† (Webster’s, 2003) The words age and racism combined to define this prejudice. There are studies that show one in every five workers in the United States are over fifty-five. Around sixty percent of workers state they have experienced ageism in the workplace. (North, 2013) Yet, the elderly are not the only ones who experience age discrimination. Ageism happens to children, teenagers, and middle-aged adults. Age discrimination appears to be prevalent in all countries. In Japan it s reported as early as thirty years old. Recruiting agencies there discriminate against workers at a young age. In the United States the magic number seems to be around fifty. Ageism is normal for our society today, it is common place practice. It is the one bias that is not talked about or advocated against. Individual Ageism The elderly experience ageism on a daily basis. Whether it is in the workplace, in the media, by family and personal relationships. Workers report that age discrimination has become common in their work place. Society trains us early on to â€Å"act our age,† and it carries into adulthood. Many believe that the elderly should retire and let younger workers have their jobs. Women report that this bias appears for them at a younger age than for men who are their contemporaries. This is especially true in the media, we tend to judge older women harder than we do older men. We are all guilty of ageismShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Ageism On The Delivery Of Nursing Care For The Older Person1736 Words   |  7 Pagesprovide the audience with an understanding of ageism in healthcare by critically analyzing the impact of ageism on the delivery of nursing care for the older person. This essay will be based from the perspective of the impact of a registered nurse’s ageist behaviour on the older patient, the nursing care of the older patient and the impact on colleagues in the health care team. This essay will also discuss theories and relevant principles of ageism, nursing care and the health care environmentRead MoreAgeism, By Robert Butler1092 Words   |  5 Pages â€Æ' According to Dittman (2003), â€Å"A survey of 84 people ages 60 and older, nearly 80 percent of respondents reported experiencing ageism--such as other people assuming they had memory or physical impairments due to their age.† What exactly is ageism? Ageism, termed by Robert Butler in 1969, is a form of discrimination or prejudice based on age. This can be emotionally or physically abusive for the individual. Elder adults are the majority that receive this kind of abuse. The elder populationRead MoreTaking a Look at Age Discrimination1444 Words   |  6 Pagesregarding specific age groups in society. Ageism could be ‘a process of systematic stereotyping and discrimination against people because they are old’ (Butler 1969, as cited in Snape and Redman, 2003, p. 79), although recent developments have resulted in ageism also being applicable to people being too young, as well as being too old (Palmore 1990, as cited in Snape and Redman, 2003). This paper will asse ss age discrimination through its causes, effects on older workers, financial motives, employer attitudesRead MoreEssay on Ageism or Agism621 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Ageism, or agism, is a prejudice or discrimination against an individual or group in society on the basis of ones conception of age. A  prejudice is a  preconceived  mentality, judgement, or opinion that may have no  reason nor basis. Discrimination is the expression of prejudice resulting in differential treatment of different groups or individuals in society. This may include unjust behaviors, actions, language(s) and degrading terms, or limitations  restricting anothers rights. A person who participatesRead MoreAgeism, By Robert M. Butler1589 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Older people are likely to be seen as a burden and a drain on resources, rather than as a resource themselves†, this being a common interpretation many have on elderly because of Ageism (Irving, 2015, p. 72). The term â€Å"Agei sm† was developed in 1969 by Robert M. Butler, the director of the District of Columbia Advisory Committee on Aging (SOURCE). Ageism, meaning, the prejudice and discrimination against older people (Macionis, 2014, pg.104), has been an un-noticed growing stereotype. When many thinkRead MoreAge Stratification1183 Words   |  5 Pagesstratification and ageism are very closely related; one cannot exist without the other. Age stratification separates people into three primary groups according to their age; the young, the old and the rest. Ageism is the process of systematic stereotyping or discrimination, takes over from there by being an enacted series of prejudices against a person or group based on their age, just as racism and sexism accomplish with skin colour and gender. Ageism allows the younger generations to see older people as differentRead MoreAgeism : Stereotypes And Stereotyping Of Older People Today Essay1178 Words   |  5 PagesAgeism is a popular and important t opic to discuss as it represents a great issue in today’s society. The article â€Å"Ageism in America† focuses on the biases and stereotyping of older people here in America. The elderly is highly discriminated against and we tend to not realize this enough. Ageism is an ever growing concern in the United States and is an issue that needs to be resolved. There is a concern of what will become of ageism in the future. The term ageism is based on an individuals or societiesRead MoreReducing the Divide between Young and Old1299 Words   |  6 PagesThe area of diversity that we will look at here is Ageism. First we will discuss some of the more important barriers that are present because of age. We will discuss how this group is affected by discrimination, prejudices, and stereotypes and some of the sources that perpetuate it. Finally we’ll attempt to show some strategies that both young and old can use to promote communication and understanding to hopefully reduce the divide between the young and old. In ancient times the old we’re valuedRead MoreDiscrimination towards the elderly community is constantly being tolerated across the world. A600 Words   |  3 PagesDiscrimination towards the elderly community is constantly being tolerated across the world. A definition of age discrimination can simply be put into terms as; stereotyping and discriminating against a certain individual or group of people based upon their age. Which can also be classified as ageism: defined as the prejudice against older individuals that can lead into age discrimination.The elderly community is one common group of people that are constantly being put under discrimination becauseRead MoreDiscrimmination against the Elderly Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesRobert Butler (1975) was one of the first writers on ageism and he defined it as â€Å"a process of systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old. . . . Old people are categorized as senile, rigid in thought an d manner, old fashioned in morality and skills† (p. 35). Ageism is a form of oppression of elders by youth and adults. Ageism intersects with classism and sexism to produce differences in distribution of retirement resources for the elderly. Women of all ethnic

Jet Age 21st century Innovation and Technology

Question: Discuss about theJet Age 21st century for Innovation and Technology. Answer: Introduction: The Jet age 21st century is going with a great speed by crossing old barriers and limitations by building new and futuristic world with equal respect to every living thing. The world is getting shorter as innovation and technology reached greater heights. As one business or individual can connect to other place for any purpose, they desire. Every animal or human being kept with a good protection and care by using all means of source required for them. By the same way, every business can be operated at any place for its betterment by crossing its barriers and limitations of where it originated. Every business applies its various sources to come into the limelight of consumer that is by advertisement, distributing free samples or charity. Business begins with a unique name and brand that represents the product and create its brand image, which is called as branding. In other words, branding refers to process that involved in creating unique name and an image of the products by using advertisement campaigns (Lake, 2016). Branding is from word brand that is symbolic of the image of the product. The Brand is symbol that keep product separate from other products in quality, shape, graphics and designs. It creates individuality of the product by giving a distinct mark from the rest of the products. When a company decides to have its own brand name, it must determine how it wants to be looked at the market for now and future. The main purpose of creating this brand is to leave a lasting impression on the mind of consumers. This process of brand or branding is construction of company image in the market. Advertisement is an investment that concentrates on the brand awareness among the consumers by showing its uses of their products in their life. The advertisement is the main source of leaving an impression on the customers about the company and its product. The main key factor creates brand personality and persuasiveness, which weight the intentions of consumers for the brand and its purchasing behavior. With more liking of advertisement allows a strong image to the product in the market. Advertising not only creates awareness among the consumers, but it also expands the consumer knowledge by showing different products rolling into the market with its usage. For many years, researchers and practitioners have researched on advertising that how it leaves an impact on customers that make them interested in the product (Abbasi Aqueel, 2012). Even the small market industry mechanism can be different from the nature of advertising. There are some factors, which are kept in mind while mak ing advertising that is a sector, on which company is concentrating, expectations from the impact of advertising. Advertising can influence public in both ways; positive and negative. If measures and calculation of an advertisement company are correct for the market, then it can influence positively or it can give a negative image to the product. Advertisement with ethics is an effective way of leaving a lasting impression on the minds of public as it attaches them to it. Ethics refers to moral values or behavior that is expected towards society and it gives society mark that shows how the product is better for them and their coming generation. Ethics in the advertisement refers to the set of principles that governs the communication between the seller and buyer. An ethical advertisement is that which displayed their products by keeping in mind goodness of society that is by not telling lies, does not make any false claims or promises. With the passage of time, advertisers have lost their way towards ethics, as advertisements made only by keeping in mind the expectations of the company and forgetting their role towards a society that is an ethical behavior. Advertisers are only in the mode of turning up the sales by not thinking what impact is leaving on people. Unethical advertisement is one which: Gives the misleading information, Contains offensive material, Spreads false or misleading information, Shows or degrades products of rival or its substitute. These are the symptoms, which makes advertisement unethical for every product. Some advertisements are unethical from the beginning that is when advertisement made or displayed as they are bad for society or can never be good for the society. This kind of advertisement is called as surrogate advertisement refers to a form of advertisement used to promote banned products that are cigarette and alcohol, which is banned in almost every country but still this country promote is different ways. For calling advertisement ethical this three should be available that are Truthfulness, social responsibility and upholding human dignity (Sawant, 2012). After keeping in mind all the features of branding and ethical advertisement, I chose two advertisements that are perfect example of branding, construction and ethical advertisement. Those advertisements are: Like a girl- Unstoppable This is the advertisement, which made by the PG called as Likeagirl-Unstoppable. As from the ancient times, this tradition of differentiation between men and women is going on and maybe go further until unless some steps is not taken. This is for the female, who think they cannot do because she is a girl, and women or girls dont such things or they have never seen any girl doing this like wrestling or saving anyone by fighting, which can be seen in the advertisement as girls tell about their feeling (PG, 2015). Here initiative took by the Company for picking up the society from old traditions and breaking down barriers by providing awareness and education among girls from the lower age so that further it can stop. PG not only used this advertisement for awareness, but also used its tagline Like a girl with every product to make them feel how strong are and what they can do by coming out from their old barriers and traditions. This company selling their product by spreading education and sense of accomplishment of yes, they can do (Gamble, 2016). Cute Animals Being Friends This advertisement of android operating software of Google that called as Cute Animals Being Friends- Be together. Not the same. The ad has been made very specifically for its rival that is Apple which is not expressed anywhere that makes them part of the ethical advertisement as it does not disgrace its competitor. In this ad, various types of animals who runs from each other are shown helping and enjoying with each other like a cat helping dog going out by opening a lock of the door, the dog is having a rest on an elephant and more by forgetting each other desires except helping and caring (Google, 2015). The main purpose of this ad is to show their software can be used anywhere in any device a person desire to use in by keeping aside any limitations. This is one of the best examples of ethical advertisement as nothing is harmed and animals who are not found to be together are shown together doing things which makes thing better. This shows how society can stay together by forgetti ng all hatred as in their tag line Be together. Not the same. These are the two advertisements, which is very well suited to branding, construction and ethics. In the above given, advertisements not only promoting their products but also helping to become part of the society and its culture. This helps to remove the social barriers which are not allowing to move further which stopping them for progress and showing how to love each other by forgetting hatred and staying together by saying be together, not the same. These are two different advertisements, choosing different audiences with their different purposes as in Like a Girl their target is to spread education and promotion of their product by educating them that these problems are not real barriers. So, this helps them by uplifting themselves socially and culturally. The other one is of Cute animals being friends here they showcased their softwares quality by showing them love of animals who are opposite means who stay away from each other. As their software quality of use in any device with the love of animals give the motivation to society of staying together by forgetting any hatred. This encourages cooperation and love for society, which gives them strong belief. These two advertisements do target neither the same audience nor any consistency, as one is of uplift of society and the other is cooperation, where one is daily product and the other is used as a technology. Hence, both are the different advertisements with different targets with no consistency. Bibliography Abbasi, A., Aqueel, A. (2012, November 26). Impact of advertising on brand loyalty with the moderation of consumer buying behaviour. Interdisciplinary journal of contemporary research in business. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/AamnaShakeel/70762826-advrtsngijcrbaamna Gamble, P. . (2016). OUR EPIC BATTLE #LIKEAGIRL. Retrieved from https://always.com: https://always.com/en-us/about-us/our-epic-battle-like-a-girl Google. (2015, February 06). CUTE ANIMALS BEING FRIENDS in New Android Ad | What's Trending Now. CUTE ANIMALS BEING FRIENDS in New Android Ad. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5MMrP4UQIw Lake, L. (2016). Why Branding Is Important When It Comes to Marketing. Why Branding Is Important When It Comes to Marketing. Retrieved from https://marketing.about.com/cs/brandmktg/a/whatisbranding.htm PG. (2015, July 07). Always #LikeAGirl - Unstoppable. Always #LikeAGirl - Unstoppable. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VhB3l1gCz2E Sawant, R. P. (2012, December). Impact of Advertising on Brand Awareness and Consumer Preference (With Special Reference to Men`S Wear). IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 5(6). Retrieved from https://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jbm/papers/Vol5-issue6/F0565461.pdf

Kruger v Commonwealth for Australian Democracy-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theKruger v Commonwealth for Australian Democracy. Answer: The case of Kruger v Commonwealth is also referred to as the stolen generation case in this case a challenge regarding the validity of legislation applicable in the north territory during the year 1918 to 1957 was rejected by the High Court which authorised purportedly the removal of aboriginal children from their families. The case took place in the high court of Australia and was presided over by Brennan CJ, Toohey, Dawson, Gaudron, Gummow and McHuge JJ. The challenge to the validity of 1980 ordnance was rejected by the majority of judges it was also provided that no implied right in relation to legal equality exist. It was found by the judges in this case that 1918 ordinance had a beneficial intention with no purpose of restricting religious practice all promoting genocide. It was also unanimously held by the High Court that no separate action with respect to the breach of any constitutional right existed[1]. For at least 40000 years the indigenous Australians resided in the Northern territory. When the territory came under the supervision of South Australia in the year 1863 the northern territory Aboriginals Act 1910 was passed by the government[2]. Through the provisions of this act chief Protector of aboriginals had been appointed as the legal guardian of all children whose parents were aboriginals[3]. The chief protector in addition was provided with the authority to send such children to aboriginal institution or a reserve. The legislation meant that children belonging to aboriginal parents would be removed from the custody only by an administrative order as compared to those children who belong to non aboriginal parents and could only be removed by an order of the court. Even after the control of the northern Territory has been transferred to the Federal government from South Australia the policy of removing indigenous children from the custody of their family continued. The powers of the Aboriginal Ordinance 1918 had been extended by bringing the aboriginal females under the chief protectors exclusive control. The churches operated most of the aboriginal institutions. From the year 1964 the circumstances in which the indigenous children could be removed from the custody of their parents became same which were applicable to non indigenous children however the condition of life which the indigenous people were subjected to place them at a greater risk of their children being removed from the custody because of destitution or neglect. As reported by 91% of the children which had been placed in Foster care were identified as indigenous. The bringing them home report was published by the human rights and equal opportunity commission in 1997 with respect to its enquiry into the separation of indigenous children from their families. Arrange of recommendations was made by the report which included involving charities and churches government apologies, paying the fami ly is monetary compensation and the requirement for the Federal government enact legal provisions in accordance with genocide convention[4]. In this case compensation was demanded by the plaintiff in relation to deprivation of Liberty and wrongful imprisonment. A claim made by seven plaintiffs namely was related to compensation for being removed from their families when they were child during the year 1925 and 1944. The claim made by the eight plaintiff was made as she was a mother whose daughter has been removed from her custody. The primary barrier which prevented the members of the stolen generation to make a claim was that removal which was done by the government has been authorised by the Aboriginal Ordinance 1918[5]. There were primarily five arguments which one made by the plaintiff stating that the aboriginals Ordinance 1918 was not valid act of the parliament. The plaintiff pleaded that the ordinance in French the doctrine of separation of power, the common law doctrine is provided legal equality was offended by the ordinance, the freedom of movement and Association was restricted by the ordinance, as the ordinance was related to the removal of children at constituted genocide and the removal of children from the custody of their parents resulted in restriction towards the exercise of free religion. In this case with respect to the argument related to separation of powers two propositions were included in the argument of the plaintiff. The two propositions were that detention and removal of people was exclusively a judicial power and the judicial power should not be exercised by a chapter 3 court. In the case of New South Wales v Commonwealth[6] which is also known as the Wheat case it was provided by the court that Federal judicial power is not allowed to be exercised by a court. It was provided by the judges that the constitution is structured is such a way which requires strict insulation with respect to judicial powers so that only a court which has been established under chapter III of the Constitution has been provided the power to exercise judicial powers related to Commonwealth. In the Wheat case the reasoning was for the taken from the case of water side workers Federation of Australia v J W Alexander Limited[7]. In this case it was held by the majority of the judges th at the power to bring conventions for offences in force awards and imposition of punishment and penalties were matters which come exclusively coming under the scope of judicial power. The doctrine of the boilermakers case was restored by the High Court as it held at only chapter III courts are eligible to exercise judicial powers and the only power which chapter III could exercise were judicial powers[8]. It had been held previously in the case of Attorney-General (Cth) v The Queen[9] that terrorism does not come under the part of that Federal judicial authority. The power in relation to the second proposition arise from the case of Chu Kheng Lim v Minister for Immigration[10]where it was held by the judges that detention of citizen which is involuntary in nature through the custody of the state is positive or panel in nature and under the given system of government is available only as an incident of particular judicial powers of punishing and adjudging criminal guilt. In the case with respect to this papers the argument related to the separation of power was rejected by all the judges however the opinion related to the rejection deferred among them. It was held by Brennan CJ, Dawson and McHugh JJ that the doctrine of separation of power was not applicable in relation to the authority to make laws for a territory falling under section 122 of the Australian constitution and does the judges did not proceed towards deciding that whether detention fall under the provisions of judicial power or not. It was held by Brennan CJ that as a territories were not a segment all the federal system which involved the distribution of powers between the state and the Commonwealth the doctrine of separation is not applicable. Dawson J and McHuge J together provided that section 122 provided the parliament the authority to enact quotes which were not Federal in nature and did not exceed Federal jurisdiction. It was doubted by Dawson J that the actions in relation to the case was rather than executive were of a judicial character. It was held by Toohey, Gaudron and Gummow JJ that the taking a way of indigenous children was not the use of judicial power and did not provide whether or not the doctrine of separation of powers is applicable. As provided by Toohey J that it was a very persuasive proposition that the doctrine of separation of powers applied to the territories however the question on that basis was not determined by the judge as judged by standards and values prevailing and those Times the purpose of the ordinance was welfare and thus it was neither the exercise of judicial power nor it was punative. Similarly the decision of Gaudron J was based on the finding that the authority with respect to the authorisation of detention in government custody was not under the provisions of exclusive judicial power. And finally it was held by Gummow J that the moment at which the detention was initiated it was necessary for a non punitive legitimate purpose and therefore does not fall under the provisions of judi cial power. The next question was related to the implied right with respect to legal equality. Remedies for short by the plaintiff which were consistent with the judgement of the dissenting judges in the case of Leeth v Commonwealth[11]. However, in the present case only Toohey Jconsidered that there was a right related to substantial equality. In order to support only procedural equality Gaudron J departed from her position. It was further provided by the court that even if common law grants Substantive equality, the parliament has the power to override is or else it would make the concurrent powers of the parliament less than the states. The claim related to the freedom of movement was not relied upon by expressed rights like the right to travel interstate for commercial purpose. It was decided by the court in this case as there was no right to vote vested in the people of the territory the right of freedom of movement did not exist. In addition it was provided by Gummow J that there was no su ch right and even if it existed the ordinance did not breach it. In relation to genocide it was held by the court that the ordinance did not authorise genocide as the parliament did not have the authority to authorise it. Section 116 of the constitution protects the freedom of religion in Australia. The challenge of the plaintiff in relation to the freedom of religion had been rejected by the court by stating that the laws which had been challenged did not have the intention to restrict any religious practices. The validity of the ordinance had been upheld by the high court in this case however it was provided by the court that only when the removal was in the best interest of the child can it be initiated. The judges provided that the case had been judged by the standard and values which prevailed during the period. The constitution provides a range of restriction on the law making powers of the parliament. One of the rime examples of such restrictions have been provided in section 116 of the constitution through which a parliament cannot make laws to restrict the exercise of a religion. The decision in the case however signified that the parliament can make laws against the constitution with respect to the situation which was prevailing when the law had been made. The case was a total violation of the constitution through the use of legal interpretation and techniques by the judges in order to support the law making powers of the parliament as all provisions had been interpreted against t he plaintiff deliberately. Further the court found a way in this case to deny their own reasoning made in previous cases to limit the rights of the plaintiff. The case was totally adjudged taking into account political considerations and the law making power of the parliament. The judges denoted through their judgement that the decision was based on social implications revealing at the time the law had been made. However the bias stance of the judges in this case towards the plaintiff denotes that the only intention of the court was to ensure parliamentary supremacy in law making. The attitude of the courts towards upholding a parliamentary enactment has been seen in various cases where although prima faice it appeared that the provisions of the constitution had been breached, the interpretation off those provisions was done in such a way as to intentionally accept the validity of the new legislations. The decision can be seen as a prominent limitation of the doctrine of separation of powers where the judiciary was not able to perform there fiction freely under the influence of the legislature. References "Aboriginals Ordinance No. 9 of 1918 (Cth)". Museum of Australian Democracy. Attorney-General (Cth) v The Queen[1957] UKPCHCA 1, (1957) 95CLR529 Australia a national overview: resource sheet. Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. 2010. Retrieved29 May2011 Chu Kheng Lim v Minister for Immigration[1992] HCA 64, (1992) 176CLR1,High Court(Australia). Genocide Convention Act 1949(Cth). Kune, R."The Stolen Generations in Court: Explaining the Lack of Widespread Successful Litigation by Members of the Stolen Generations".(2011) 30 University of Tasmania Law Review 32. Leeth v Commonwealth[1992] HCA 29, (1992) 174CLR455,High Court(Australia). New South Wales v Commonwealth[1915] HCA 17,(1915) 20 CLR 54. R v Kirby; Ex parte Boilermakers' Society of Australia[1956] HCA 10, (1956) 94CLR254. The Northern Territory Aboriginals Act 1910(SA). Waterside Workers' Federation of Australia v J W Alexander Ltd[1918] HCA 56,(1918) 25 CLR 434

George Carlin Essay Research Paper George CarlinWhen free essay sample

George Carlin Essay, Research Paper George Carlin ? When JFK Jr. gets into a New York cab to travel to the airdrome does he state, ? Take me to JFK, and how does he experience about that.1? ? I don? Ts like voguish nutrients. When I hear saut? ed boneless coon bear inguen, ? I think I? m in the incorrect topographic point. There is such a thing as pretentious nutrient. Puree of groundhog, marinated chiropteran mammillas, weasel chops, hedgehog cacciatore. Or fried bird of Jove. ? A cat said to me late C? Monday we? ll go to Baxter? s, they have truly good fried eagle. ? I? m believing do I truly wan na cognize this individual 2? There you have it two good illustrations that give you the penetration to the head of George Carlin. George Carlin was born on May 12, 1938, in Manhattan? s Morningside Heights. Which as Carlin grew up he called? White Harlem. We will write a custom essay sample on George Carlin Essay Research Paper George CarlinWhen or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3? In 1940 Carlin pa, a newspaper advertizer died, and forced his female parent to travel to work to back up the household. Working as a secretary, George and his brother Patrick, spent much of there clip entirely around the house and the vicinity. Because he was, entirely a batch Carlin became a rough critic of the universe around him. Carlin was a category buffoon in school, neer turned in his prep, and when he did, it was so sloppy that you would necessitate the Rosetta Stone to decode it. At the age of 14, Carlin began to see through organized faith and that prompted him to drop out of Catholic high school. At the age of 17 he enlisted in the Air Force, and was assigned a radio detection and ranging machinist on the B-47 aeroplanes. There in Shreveport La. He met a wireless station proprietor, Joe Monroe, of KJOE. There he was asked to disc- jockey and be a newscaster. By the clip, he was twenty ; he had his equivalency sheepskin, military duty completed and had three old ages ra dio experience. After his discharge from the Air Force, he moved from wireless station, to radio station. In Fort Worth, Texas, he met up with Jack Burns, and Carlin now had person to feed off. The peddled their act to local cafes and even graced The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. In 1962, Burns broke up with Carlin, and he reassessed his act. Furthermore, for three old ages he sat around and absorbed all of the dirt the universe was acquiring into. In Late 1965 he appeared on the Merv Griffen Show and evolved the? News Caste, ? and Wonderful Wino. Fo R five old ages, he used the Wino/Caste act, but so in 1970 he had a disclosure: ? I? m pissed off! ? 4 Then, shortly after his Las Vegas show was cancelled because of fowl linguistic communication. The revolution had begun. Before this, cartoon strips and histrions had to be careful about what they said on wireless or telecasting. Nevertheless, Carlin broke those regulations, stating what was on his head and so some. A supreme Satirist, Carlin abused anything and everything, from Nixon to the Beatles. The large event came in 1972 when Carlin was arrested at Summerfest in Milwaukee, for making his Seven Words You Can? t Say on Television After that his popularity skyrocketed, he brought up freedom of address issues and the populace listened. One critic wrote, ? Carlin is physical and abashed up at that place. He lurches about like an orangutan pausing to make impromptu callisthenicss or to unburden his voice box with a few oinks, croaky growls, or cardinal shrieks. His repertory of gestures and subverbal sounds is that of teenage lout in an rapture of ennui? the category buffoon in short. In shutting, I will go forth you with a quotation mark, 5? You Know when you? re In a Small Town When: 1. The eating house closes at tiffin so the waitress can travel place and eat. 2. The city manager? s name is? Greasy Dick, and besides looking on the ballot it besides is on his drivers license. 3. The Fashion Boutique/Post Office is located in one corner of the hardware shop between the used milking machines, and the wage lavatory. 4. The constabulary station is closed eventides and weekends, but is has lit mark that gives clip and temperature. 5. The newspaper prints the crossword mystifier on the front-page right above the crease and the replies right below. 6. The nothing codification has three figures and has a denary point. 7. The Narcotics Anonymous Chapter has merely one member and he whacked out on spread dressing. Bibliography: George Carlin, Brain Droppings ( Easton Press, 1997 ) Charles Moritz, Current Biography ( H.W. Wilson, 1976 ) Footnotes: 1. George Carlin, Brain Droppings ( Easton Press,1997 ) 259 2. Carlin 8 3. Carlin 23 4. Carlin 65 5. Carlin 21 Bibliography Brain dungs

chinas one child policy essays

china's one child policy essays In our society, the United States, children are seen potentially as the future. Whether they are male or female they have the power to do something when they grow up, but if their life is cut short, the opportunity to do so is taken away. Throughout centuries China has been battling with overpopulation. With a population of 1.3 billion (ODonnell, Lynne), China is the most populated nation in the world. The country attempted to cure some of its population woes by establishing the one-child policy. This policy was passed in 1979, and it restricts how many children each Chinese family can have. The controversy surrounding the issue is whether or not China should keep this policy existing. Some would say yes because it controls the population growth, and if we dont control it, the world will go in debt. Some even think more countries should pass policy like China has. On the other hand, some feel the policy should be banned because of the childrens lives that are being put at risk. The policy known as the one-child policy restricts urban couples to one child and allows rural couples a second child if their first is a girl (LexisNexis, Aug. 9, 2001). If families have children illegally they are subjected to harsh punishment including jailing and trying them in kangaroo courts, razing their houses and confiscating farm animals (LexisNexis, Sep. 1, 2002). Since the beginning of time, females were always seen as Montgomery Page 2 being inferior to males in any society. The females ultimate duties were to have and take care of the children, the household duties, and be the servant to their husbands while the males worked and took care of the family in terms of financial status. In China, the males are the ones that the majority of the couples choose because they are the ones who not only carry on the family name, but they also stay with the ...

Preparing to Conduct Business Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Preparing to Conduct Business - Research Paper Example The organization chart should focus on specific roles and responsibilities instead of individual workers. If the organizational structure does not exist it means that job duties, roles and responsibilities are frequently neglected. If the gap in responsibilities exist than no one will acknowledge the accountability part or take the responsibilities of their duties, instead they will be pointing fingers. Basically the gap is the one thing which leads the company to identify the areas in the organization which require improvement. This improvement may include training and development of a single employee or it might include the restructuring of a whole department or more than one department. If the organization lacks a structure, the productivity and efficiency of the organization can suffer a lot as the basic factor of accountability is missing. If the organization lacks a structure or if it is weak, conflicts can arise because employees are not clearly informed about their job description, which includes the job duties and job responsibilities. Conflicts can occur as everyone will put the task on the shoulder of other employee as no one knows who has to perform it or how it will get done. Another cause which can lead to conflict is that when people having no authority tend to seek control in the organization. Due to this reason many responsibilities and roles can suffer including managerial and non-managerial as the organizational hierarchy doesn’t exist. The whole effect of the problem that occurs due to lack of organizational structure results in reduced productivity and poor operations which lead to low profitability. As the responsibilities are not clear to management individuals or management teams, everyone lacks coordination and right direction to generate profits (Hill and Jones, 2010). Here we can also say the strategic management part is absent in

To what extent was religion behind the successes of the great Arab Essay

To what extent was religion behind the successes of the great Arab conquests of the seventh and eighth centuries - Essay Example The importance of this particular research question is contingent upon the role of Islam in a geopolitical sense; arguably something that has a great deal of relevance within the current era. Yet, beyond this, the cultural dynamics and importance of Islam as not only a faith but as a strategic cornerstone of how the Islamic Empire was able to spread an experience early victories is a further component of the research that this particular author seeks to shed a level of light upon. As will be denoted within the forthcoming discussion and analysis, it is the strong and overarching belief of this particular analyst that the religion of Islam played a pivotal and fundamental role in the rapid success and expansion of the Islamic Empire. Both through an analysis of primary and secondary texts, the reader can infer that without the norming influence of the Islamic religion and culture, such an Empire would have never held together; nor have been able to threaten the existing structure of p ower that existed within these regions at the time in question. Likewise, rather than analyzing the role and influence of the religious aspects of Islam on the formation, durability, and strengths of the Islamic Empire throughout all of history, the discussion and analysis that will be presented within this particular research will be solely contingent upon the first several decades after Mohammed came in full control of Mecca and Medina; essentially christening the dawn of the Islamic expansion and the creation of a geo-political movement that would culminate in empire building. The cornerstone of the argument for the importance of the Islamic religion with respect to the spread of the early Islamic Empire ultimately is contingent upon the issue of culture. As one might expect, seeking to define something as complex and overarching as Islamic culture is in and of

Schizophrenia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Schizophrenia - Research Paper Example People suffering from this disorder tend to hear voices, which cannot be heard by people around them. If fact, these people believe that any other person around them is controlling their thoughts, plotting harm against them and more importantly, they are reading their minds. Additionally, people with Schizophrenia rarely make sense when they are talking; sometimes they can sit for a particular period without talking or moving. Patients with this disorder are mostly recognized by talking to them since they appear ordinary people until they start talking (National institute of Mental Health). Schizophrenia is caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Individuals with a family history of this illness have a high rate of being diagnosed with this disorder. Researchers argue that there it is considerably challenging to separate environmental and genetic factors. Therefore, there is a significant variation in estimating hereditary causes and environmental causes. According to a recent research conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health, the risk of developing Schizophrenia is considerably high in first-degree relatives. According to the research data, the risk an individual being diagnosed with Schizophrenia and they have been first-degree relative is approximately 6.5 percent higher than the 40 percent of the monozygotic twins who may have been affected. Additionally, if one of the parents is suffering from the illness, the risk of these offspring being affected can be as high as 13 percent. On the other hand if both parents are affected, the offspring have a 50 percent chance of being affected (National Institute of Mental Health). Also to genetic causes, environmental factors have a significant role in causing this disorder. Some of the common environmental factors include; usage of drugs, prenatal stressors, living environment among other environmental factors. A recent study showed that living

Goffmans Theory For Interaction In Society Sociology Essay

Goffmans Theory For Interaction In Society Sociology Essay Goffman examines society through individuals face-to-face interactions I everyday life. An important point of his theory is how individuals present themselves in everyday life, when they come to contact with others. This contact signals the activation of the ritual mechanism. Those mechanisms are being activated automatically each time we are coming to interaction with others. They consist social values and express all the expected reactions, which individuals should have in different situations. The reason why these mechanisms are activated automatically is because we have embodied them during the period of socialization and through imitation. Consequently, those mechanisms give us the possibility to understand and foresee how we must react in different interactions, as well as to forego and protect ourselves from potential moments of disgrace and embarrassment. If we do not find a way to manage those moments when they occur, can lead in the collapse of interaction (Goffman, 1959: 1 2). The main purpose of individuals is to manipulate the impressions that others form about them (impression management). Individuals, when they are acting on the stage, employ unconsciously different front (means of expression). The front is comprised from two parts: the setting which is the scene in which individuals acting and the personal front which concerns the natural characteristics and specific means of expression of each individual. Furthermore, Goffman divide personal front into appearance and manner. Appearance is the external characteristics and manner is the means of expressions, like the language, the body, face expressions, which individuals adopt during their performance (Goffman, 1953,:22-24). In addition, individuals use symbols to display their positions and the role they aim to play (Goffman, Dec. 1951: 294). Forby there is the backstage, where individuals make their rehearsal for their performance. Namely, which features of themselves, they will cover in order to manipulate their observers. Parallel, only when they are on the backstage, can be their real selves, whereon they have to tackle with their real feelings, which have no relation to the feelings they project on the stage. Nevertheless, Goffman notes that the formation of a role is being strongly affected by the personality, the experience, and the culture of each individual (Swingewood, 2000: 176). How academic professors maintain their dominant position in the classroom. The academic professors front is his class and what this class includes is the setting. His performance takes place while he is teaching. Of course the professor must have a certain style of clothing, for instance he cannot appear in the classroom wearing a sport outfit. Also, he must talk and behave in a way which will attribute him prestige. For instance, the professor will not use slang language during his teaching, on the contrary, he will a sophisticated vocabulary. Furthermore, according to Goffman, first impression is of vital importance. Thus, in his first lecture, he must pay attention to his first impression, because this will form the relation of domination between the professor and the students (Goffman, 1959: 12). Even if he becomes more lenient with his students over the years, he should attempt continually to sustain his authority (impression management). On the other hand, when the professor ends up alone in the classroom (backstage) he can be his real self. Coincidently at this point he can prepare himself for the teaching (performance) and he can try to limit things which could reduce his pole performance. On the whole, professor possesses a status, which nobody can call in question, regardless of the role he adopts. This is happening because he has certifications of his capacity, which is his degree, which is recognizable from the society (Goffman, 1951: 297). In other words, there can be doubt about his efficiency at work but not for his capacity as a professor. Bourdieus theory. Bourdieu in contrast with Goffman considers society from a distant viewpoint. He is not centre on individuals interaction but he combines them with social structures. He deems that sociologists should overcome the persistence of the contrast between objectivism and subjectivism. We should observe society as a whole including both, structures and actors. Thereby, he creates a theory based on a schema, which constitutes from three main parts: the field, the capital, and the habitus. Each part is directly connected with the others and functions parallel. The first part is the field. Fields are the social structures, the various spheres of life. While fields exert influence to each other, there are autonomous enough (relative autonomous) in order to be able to study them. Each field has its own clear boundaries, logic and sphere of values, with witch people must be obeyed. People in order to be able to enter a field, should have certain resources according to the demands of each field (Wacquant, 2008: 269). Those resources are the capitals, which are unequal distributed in the society (Swartz, 2002: 655). People, who have more capitals, have more chances to succeed in different fields (Bourdieu, 1986: 241). This is why Bourdieu grasps fields as arenas in which people struggle constantly. Those who have a big part of capital, struggle to maintain their domination and those who have limited capitals, try for their benefits to invert the domination of the former. Thus field is never static. It is moving, changing, evolving. On the second part of the triadic schema is capital. Capitals are the means of resources which enable people to acquire benefits. Power is in each field different. Bourdieu divides Capital in four categories: economic, cultural, social and symbols. Economic Capital is consisted by money. This capital is very important because every capital can be converted to economic capital. People, who have largely the economic capital, can easier acquire the other three capitals. Then is the Culture Capital, which is consisted by three forms: The Embodied State concerns the stimuli which people get from their environment during their upbringing and socialization. People receive them unconsciousness or passive-coercive via their families, their culture or traditions. However this does not mean that they acquire them instantaneously. On the contrary, people embodied them over the years according to their habitus. Also in this state, people form their cultivation. Peoples cultivation derives, apart from the stimuli of the environment, also from the amount of time and effort they consumed to gain it (Bourdieu, 1986: 244-245). The other form is the Objectified State, which concerns the possession of items (for instance paintings). Those items have great cultural-aesthetic value but also economic value. In which way people will valid them, it is related with their habitus (Bourdieu, 1986: 245-246). The third form of Cultural Capital is the Institutionalized State. This state embraces the official documents, that is, they have institutional recognition. Those certifications denote the level of education of each person (Bourdieu, 1986: 246-247). Moreover, there is the Social Capital. Social Capital is peoples connections which they have or acquire within social networks. Those connections are either positive or negative. In other words, can help people or can make their lives difficult. Finally, it is the Symbolic Capital, which has to do with the symbols of power. People who possess the symbolic authority can dominate in one or more fields. Those who have it are in the position to decide what is good and what is bad and exert it via recognition and approval and disapproval. Recognition of what people are doing is enjoyable for them. For, people through recognition are becoming established. Symbolic authority can be big in a field while can be mild or small in others. Also symbolic power is hierarchical. It is a circle of alternations of power. Thus there is a constant struggle for the acquisition of power but it is happening unconsciously. The third part of the schema is Habitus. Habitus is our history, the inheritance of cultural capital. Namely it is embodied of our experiences. The creation of social groups is based on peoples common experiences, hence habitus is persons beliefs and dispositions. Furthermore, habitus is the social structures in which persons shape their beliefs and ways of thinking (for instance education). In real life habitus and field come always together as a whole (Wacquant, 2008: 269). On the one, habitus affects peoples chances of success or failure in different fields (Bourdieu, 1986: 241). However, people through new experiences, which are not coming from the family, can form a secondary capital in the habitus, which is quite durable and reinforced. This new habitus is becoming gradually their second nature. Examining academicians through the concepts of Field, Capital and Habitus. Academicians field in which they operate is higher education. To be able to be in this field, they spent too much time and effort in order to acquire this knowledge, that is their cultivation (cultural capital-embodied state). Evidence that hold this knowledge is their diplomas (cultural capital-institutionalized state). Also their connections, that had been either academic or political, played an important role in taking up this position (social capital). On the other, depending on the level of the University attended and depending on their performance, they had similar opportunities to find work. The position of each university is not the same. For, there is a rank of hierarchy. Hierarchy it is likewise in the positions of academic professors. Therefore there is strong competition among them. Their main purpose is to accede to the highest positions and go to the most accredited universities (symbolic capital). To be able to do so, they must constantly enrich their resources (capita l). Nevertheless, the academic professors have some common experiences that affiliate them to the same group and allow them to enter in this field, higher education (habitus). But this does not mean that these experiences were the same embodied-in all. That they are professors, do not mean that all derived from the same socio-economic class. Simply they were able to acquire the necessary qualifications and to embrace these experiences in order to enter specific field. Namely, they managed to make second nature another habitus. Conclusion. Considering academics through two different approaches, Goffmans and Bourieus, I have come to believe that struggle for domination is an important part of both theories. In Goffman this struggle exist through the management impression, while in Bourdieu exist in the whole triad schema (field, capital, habitus).

Humans Cause Climate Change Essay examples -- Global Warming Essays, 20

"Two thousand scientists, in a hundred countries, engaged in the most elaborate, well organized scientific collaboration in the history of humankind, have produced long-since a consensus that we will face a string of terrible catastrophes unless we act to prepare ourselves and deal with the underlying causes of global warming." -- Al Gore Many misinformed people believe that extreme climate change is a natural process; something that human activities have nothing to do with. They cite events such as the Ice Age and believe that these events are part of a natural Earth cycling. Therefore, they happen despite anything that humans do. A common misunderstanding of the climate system characterizes it like a pendulum. The planet will warm up to "cancel out" a previous period of cooling, spurred by some internal equilibrium. This view of the climate is incorrect (Climatesight 1). As the Skeptical Science cited, this perspective implies that the Earth's climate must revolve around an equilibrium. These people believe that because there was an Ice Age, there must be an equal and opposi...

Motorcycle Accidents

MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS ENGLISH 215 28 AUGUST 2011 Motorcyclists are more prone to die in accidents than those in automobiles. Accidents are caused by the motorcycle itself, the lack of experience, not wearing proper gear,  riding at excessive speeds, and inexperienced automobile drivers. The main reason for most motorcycle accidents are caused by motorcyclist that operate their vehicles without wearing the proper protection. A safe and secure cyclist wears a helmet if riding one mile or two hundred miles.Without a helmet, a person is leaving themselves open for the potential for many different types of injuries when riding a motorcycle, in particular injuries to the brain. There are many dangers which can be waiting on the highway for motorcyclists and many of these are preventable by being properly ready to ride and always being safe. Some believe that motorcycles are temptation for fate; unlike cars that have overhead covering, seatbelts, windshields, and two extra tires. Motorcycl es provide no safety features for the rider. This seems to be a good enough reason for most people to avoid riding motorcycles.A select few individuals are willing to take this chance at fate and enjoy the thrill and excitement of riding on the open road. There are many injuries and fatalities associated with motorcycles that cause most people to be against operating motorcycles. Some people have even lost love ones because of the love of motorcycles. Once the collision has occurred, or the rider has lost control through some other mishap, several common types of injury occur when the bike falls: * Collision with less forgiving protective barriers, or badly placed roadside â€Å"furniture† (lampposts, signs, fences etc. This is often simply a result of poor road design, and can be engineered out to a large degree. Note that when one falls off a motorcycle in the middle of a curve, lamps and signs create a â€Å"wall† of sorts with little chance to avoid slamming agains t a pole. * Concussion and brain damage, as the head violently contacts other vehicles or objects. Riders wearing an approved helmet reduce the risk of death by 37 percent. ( Wald, Matthew, 12September 2007, The New York Times) The Hurt Report also commented on injuries after an accident stating that the likelihood of injury is extremely high in these motorcycle accidents – 98% of the multiple vehicle collisions and 96% of the single vehicle accidents resulted in some kind of injury to the motorcycle rider; 45% resulted in more than a minor injury. ( U. S. Department of Transportation. ) People who ride motorcycles most realize that due to the extreme risk of riding, certain protective gear must be worn to help minimize injuries.The most important piece of equipment is the helmet. Operating a motorcycle without a helmet is just ludicrous. Riders should want to be highly visible at night. When a motorcyclist is not visible to others at night they become more susceptible to bei ng injured by other vehicles. The wearing of bright or reflective clothing helps other people notice you at night. Abrasion resistant clothing is a must. This material help protect against debris and major cuts. Wearing jackets and pants that have extra padding assists in protecting the motorcyclist from extreme impacts.Gloves are very important as well. Depending on the weather a riders hands may become moist or damp and could potentially cause the hands to slip of the throttle. The proper foot wear is very important because a rider most protect his ankles and have the necessary grip on the foot pegs to ensure a safe posture. Speeding also plays a part in the fatalities and injuries of motorcyclist. Motorcyclists tend to be very competitive when it comes to motorcycles. They often choose to speed but lack the experience to handle the speed.Inexperience motorcyclist and automobile drivers play a big part in most accidents. Most automobile operators lack the necessary skills to opera te a motor vehicle. The average person goes to the DMV and takes the written test and passes it. Then go straight to the driving portion without going through any type of driver’s training. Attending drivers safety courses can help reduce injuries and fatalities among motorcyclist and automobile operators. Most states highly encourage people to attend these classes but few actually attend.Even with over 1,500 locations in USA, and over 120,000 annual students, MSF only trains about 3% of the owners of 4,000,000 new motorcycles sold for highway use. (Motorcycle Safety Foundation. ) There are many reasons for motorcycle accidents and fatalities and some of them are unavoidable, but it is up to the individual to decide whether they want to operate the vehicle, regardless of the dangers. REFERENCES www. ct. gov/dot/LIB/dot/Documents/dhighwaysafety Department of Transportation. www. nytimes. com/2007/09/12/us/12helment. html New York Times. www. msf-usa. org/SafeCycling/Safe_Cycli ng Motorcycle Safety Foundation

Communisn versus Democracy essays

Communisn versus Democracy essays Communism is an original system of society, quite different from Democracy in many ways. While total democracy is not widely spread, many forms of it are prosperous throughout the world today. One of the first and major differences between a Communist and Democratic government is their contrary economic systems. In a communist government, the community owns the major resources and means of production. The goal of such a system is to prevent any one person or group of people from becoming radically rich, while others are extremely poor. The system attempts to eliminate lower class by balancing the wealth between rich and poor, therefore giving everyone equal pay and ownership. Unfortunately, this results in an increased lower class. However, in a Democracy, free enterprising is permitted, and smiled upon. Here, free enterprising helps the economy to flourish. People can organize their own businesses and receive their own profits if it succeeds, or debts if it fails. In this system, the harder a person works, the more money they receive, allowing them to make ends meet. The downside to democracy is that people can get a high paying job through education, but may work just as hard at a lower paying job and receive less money. As Winston Churchill once said, "The inherent vice of capitalism is the unequal sharing of blessings; the inherent virtue of socialism is the equal sharing of miseries." Generally, Democracys seem be more successful economically. In a democracy, money is the most dominant incentive. On the contrary, in a communist government, a person can work a million times harder than the person sitting next to him, and receive equal pay. This results in no incentive on the part of the worker whatsoever. When there is nothing to achieve by working harder, people become slothful, which does little good for a countrys economy. In most attempts, past and present, communism has failed economically, w ...

The Singing Detective essays

The Singing Detective essays P.D Marlowe's dreams, hallucinations and imaginings play an important role in The Singing Detective. This is a six-episode film may be seen as a marking of the first time Dennis Potter dealt with illness in his work, although it is not as much an autobiography. "I felt myself being nudged into writing about the condition. Not what it's like to be ill, but what it's like to be a human being trying to understand the shape of your own life," The three main subplots are the Hospital Ward (1980s), the Forest of Dean (then later, London (1930s), and the Film Noir fantasy of the 1940s. Phillip Marlowe is the link between these worlds, these subplots. As the three subplots are basically telling the same story they intermingle in Marlow's head. As Marlow hallucinates due to his illness the flashbacks and fantasy scenes have an anchor in reality and credibility for the viewer. "Even more than his beloved Forest of Dean, the landscape Potter occupies is the inside of the head". Seeing the story subjectively from Marlow's perspective forces us to associate with this unsympathetic character. In Marlow's head, where all the stories are based he is unravelling the plots to reach a resolution. By reworking his novel he assimilates his childhood memories and so comes to terms with his reality. In Potter's own words (in 'Potter on Potter'), Marlow is "trying to rewrite [the novel] simply as an exercise in not going mad. That in turn led him to start assembling his life". The multi-temporal narrative, with 'worlds' crossing into each other, had been tried by Potter before a nd more so since (Cream in My Coffee, Blackeyes, Secret Friends) but it was probably most effectively realised in The Singing Detective. The Singing Detective is visually aesthetic, and uses the physical and mental state of the characters to reflect their personality and position in their environment. It is through this technique that the main character, Phillip Marlow...

Describe one method for manipulation of microstructure and mechanical Essay

Describe one method for manipulation of microstructure and mechanical properties for each of the following class of materials - Essay Example This technique makes the metal soft, and it can be cut and shaped more easily. For example, mild steel is usually heated to a red heat, after which it is allowed to cool slowly. Other metals like aluminium melt when heated to high temperatures. Therefore, care must be taken when annealing them. Annealed metals can be changed to any shape and size, and then allowed to cool slowly into their hard status (Groover, 2010 p57). Nanotechnology is the process of engineering functional systems at the molecular scale usually at the Subatomic level (American Ceramic Society, 2009 p123). It usually deals with structures of 100 nanometers or less. Its main purpose is to make materials cleaner, lighter and more prà ©cised. Ceramics is one of the areas where nanotechnology has led to the production of a wide array of materials with distinct performance and property. Nano ceramics exist in solid form ranging in the size of nano meters (10-9) to micrometers (10-6). A Large number of particles provide a large surface area which can be held together by Nanokote to give stronger, light weight, brittle and thermal resistance ceramics (American Ceramic Society, 2009 p134). Mould manipulation of polymers can help in overcoming mechanical and aesthetic weaknesses that are associated with the standard injection moulding (Rudd & Long, 1997 p98). This can involve improving bulk properties like weld lines or manipulating orientation morphology enhancement. In this process, experimental outcomes of a rotating pin at the weld line of glass and talc filled polypropylene are introduced (Rudd & Long, 1997 p98). Talc filled material ensures that pin rotation speed does not exceed 100 rotation per minute, and this enhances polymer strength. Glass filled material also enhances strength significantly, but not as compare to talc filled material. Mould Manipulation technique also introduces the chances of producing other

International strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International strategy - Essay Example Disadvantages of Scandinavian business culture From the case study, it is clear that IKEA has been following a Scandinavian business culture, even in most of its international assignments. Scandinavian business culture is dominated by a direct style and more open culture. Conversations are more liberal and personal, and they prefer not asking questions after meetings or presentations. It should be noted that this culture is opposite to America or Asia, where business meeting are more formal and structured (Warner and Joynt, 2002). A typical Scandinavian culture gives high importance to consensus in every decision they take. Hierarchical structure is more or less flat and decision making can be sometimes very lengthy, because agreement has to be taken from every member of the business. Ingvar Kamprad, the founder of IKEA followed a similar culture. His distinctive style and objective of making a difference in the lives of common people drove his expansions strategy. He followed a non- conformist philosophy and looked at all facets of his distribution strategy, in order to focus and innovate (Politis, 2000). During the initial days, the objective of the company was to keep the costs low, and most of the strategies were made keeping this objective in focus. Supplier relationships were made reciprocal so that the company is above to sell whatever they have produced. Managers were expected to keep caring and close relationships with their subordinates and co-workers. Interactions between the co-workers and managers were characterized by egalitarianism and informality. In the following sections, IKEA business cultural and strategies will be discussed which the company implemented in different international assignments. While the culture of IKEA was a strong factor in contributing for the success of the company in its homeland, the same culture caused many issues and roadblocks when the company went for expansion strategy (Hofstede, and Minkov, 2010). The business cult ure of the host countries was vastly different from the way IKEA was doing business and caused cultural as well as business conflict (Huettinger, 2008). In Germany managers do not call each other by their first names as it is perceived as disrespectful. Business culture in Germany is mostly authoritative where managers takes order from bosses and are not supposed to perform any activity taking their own initiatives. This is vastly opposite from IKEA’s normal way of doing business. Thus, when IKEA entered Germany, its collaborative and opted business culture did not go well with the strict authoritarian German business culture. IKEA’s preference for informal relations between managers and co-workers was misinterpreted as disrespecting the boss and undermining the traditional rule of respecting authority. Also, the business culture is more adaptable to detailed work structure and a lengthy procedure, which is opposite IKEA’s cultural of minimalist bureaucracy and making things less burdensome. Similarly, in case of France, the informal culture of IKEA was interpreted as a sign of indecision and weakness. Also, in IKEA, recognition of status was not considered important, which again was interpreted as a negative sign in Germany. Even though the company was able to reduce communication problems arising in most of its international counterparts,

Marketing the Visual Arts in the Media Assignment

Marketing the Visual Arts in the Media - Assignment Example The essay is like a wakeup call for promoters of artworks and artists in India. It calls for the need to organize many such conclaves and establish art museums across the country to bring the meaning of art into the public. The importance of establishment of art museums is highlighted by an article written by Mr.Ranvir Shaw (Ranvir Shaw: "For the sake of arts", Magazine Section, The Hindu, Sunday, March 08th, 2009) in a recent news edition of The Hindu (see Appendix # 3). Finally the article concludes by stating the relevance and appropriateness of the conclave. On 20Th of March, 2009 a huge conclave named as "Selvedged Voices: Women's narrative art work textiles from India and Chile" will be launched in Chennai. The main reason behind the conclave is to bring into focus Chilean arpilerras (see Appendix # 4), "Kathwas" (see Appendix # 5), "Sujunis" of Bihari women artists and "Santhal" women artists of India. The exhibition is aimed at attracting connoisseurs of creative and visual art and creating demand for art forms of this sort. Also it is the fond hope of the organizers of the exhibition and the artists of both Chile and India that the exhibition will indeed help in promotion of their art works helping them in earning a decent amount of revenue and provide reasonable exposure for those beautiful art forms. Selvedged Voices" (see Appendix # 6) are beautiful, narrative tapestries and art works which basically portray the life style of people of Kathwas, Sujinis and the Santhals. The reason why these art forms gain such prominence is because they speak about the traditional life styles of tribal people in the aforesaid regions. Soon these traditions and art forms may cease to exist unless preserved and encouraged to survive. One of the participants in the exhibition is an organization called as Kalaraksha. Kalaraksha's lovely paintings present topics which are a true connoisseur's delight. They bring to life concepts such as preservation of water by the tribal people, devastation caused by a violent earth quake. Done in soft and vibrant pinks and lilacs these panels speak of the touch of tribal art sense, ability and creative skills. Similarly another organization from West Bengal is exhibiting beautiful and elegant Kantha embroidery narrative sketch panels, known for their use of lace work, color sense dexterous use of beads and velvet. These panels are known for pictures of tales from epics such as Ramayana or Mahabharata. Finally the essay concludes by looking at the possibility of the exhibition to achieve its objectives. The Need for the exhibition: "Selvedged Voices", the exhibition is being sponsored by the ministry of culture by the Government of India and curated by Dr.Skye Morrison, an internationally acclaimed authority on Santhal and Sujuni art forms. Santhal art forms of Bihar and Sujuni art works of Jharkhand are desperately in need of encouragement. These art works belong to the lower and weaker

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde coursework Essay Example for Free

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde coursework Essay Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde has appealed to a wide audience from the first time it was published in 1886 to the present day. What do you think are the reasons for this? The story of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was first published in a time when classes separated the rich and the poor. These classes never mixed and never talked. The poor classes lived on one side of London and the rich classes lived on the other. The rich would of never had been thought about the poor because there was very few means of learning. Before the story of Dr Jekell and Mr Hyde the two classes would have read different books but when the book was published it had elements that appealed to both classes. The genre of the book is gothic horror and fiction. The elements of gothic in it are the horror, super natural and the mystery. It also has a dark and very gloomy setting and it talks about the smog lying very low on the floor. For a moment, the fog would be quite broken up, and a haggered shaft of daylight would glance in between the swirling wreaths. This is gothic because it is quite mysterious and spooky. This could appeal to many people because this is like real life with the smog coming under the door. People could relate to this. It always has a dark and gloomy character in it to. In this case its Mr Hyde. This dark and gloomy character first appears in the beginning of the novel were he tramples the little girl. and then the horrible part of the thing; for the man trampled calmly over the chills body and left her screaming on the ground This would have shocked many people at the thought of this tragedy. I think this is such a popular genre because it gives people the fear without actually getting hurt. This would have been the only type of scary entertainment that they had. Readers would have loved the thrill that it gave them. Mr Enfield witnessed the attack and was horrified when discussing it with a friend as they walked through the park. It sound nothing to hear, but it was hellish to see I think that this is a really important part to the story. There were many stories with death and murder in them but this book was particularly unusual. The castle of otranto was the first gothic novel and laid the foundations for future novels such as Frankenstein and Jekell and Hyde. During the 1800s people technology was not as well advanced as it is today so Dr Jekell would not of understood the changes completely. When Mr Jekell takes the potion and begins to transform but he doesnt know that this could change his life forever and eventually led him to death. Hydes house is in the Soho area, which in the 1800s would have been the poorest area in London. The description of the house sound very dark, gloomy, and depressing. This is the kind of area and house that you would expect a murder to come from. On the other hand the other side of London would have been the area were the richest people would have lived. These were well-respected people and these were the people everyone wanted to be. During this time there was a serial killer on the lose Jack the ripper. His first Victims started with prostitutes and eventually moved on the people with little money and no family. He was never caught although there was p pattern to every murder he committed. To many people Jack the ripper was life imitating fiction because the things that he did and the circumstances that he did them in sounded just like a story or a novel. People also thought that that Jack would of got his ideas from the story Jekell and Hyde. This Novel uses suspension and tension all the way through the book. We often have to play a detective in this story and all the way through we are given pieces to fit together. At the end all revels itself and the mystery is solved. In my conclusion Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was a very enjoyable read. It was also very interesting because it gave an image of what the life was like in the 1800s. I never realised that Victorian life was so hard. Still today I think that many people enjoy the story of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. I think this is because it is a very unusual book and appeals to a wide audience rather than just one type of person. This could be one of the reasons why it is so popular. This book has been around for almost a 100 years and I think that it has got many more enjoyable years to go.

Patriot Act Essay -- Politics Foreign Affairs Safety Terrorism Essays

Patriot Act "We're dealing with terrorists who operate by highly sophisticated methods and technologies, some of which were not even available when our existing laws were written. The bill before me accounts for the new realities and dangers posed by modern terrorists. It will help law enforcement to identify, dismantle, disrupt, and punish terrorists before they strike," (President George W. Bush at signing of Patriot Act, 2001). The terrorists of today cannot be reasoned with. We must do whatever necessary to ensure that there never will be another September 11th. Since the enactment of the Patriot Act, there have not been any major acts of terrorism committed on U.S. soil. If the Act had been established earlier, perhaps the tragedy of September 11th would have been prevented. The Patriot Act has applied common sense knowledge and resources to law enforcement, making it easier for them to seize terrorists before they strike. The Patriot Act, however, has stirred up controversies amongst those who believe it to be a violation of our civil liberties. The ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union) argues that the Patriot Act not only fails to make us a safer nation, but also a less free one. They believe that it does not uphold our fundamental rights and freedoms. They want Congress to limit the sharing of information through wiretapping between the government, so as to preserve their privacy. The ACLU also believes the F.B.I., has been given too long a leash, that the Patriot Act has overstepped its boundaries. The ACLU has issued eighteen sheets, written dozens of letters to Congress and the Bush administration, and made hundreds of TV and radio appearances, calling on Congress to "defend the fundamental rights and freedoms that distinguish us from repressive societies in other parts of the world." The Patriot Act, however, violates none of these liberties and is a key source in protecting our freedom. If we do not fight back against terrorists who want to take over this land, we will be no different from other repressed societies. It is our determination and strength that has set us apart from the rest of the world. The attack on September 11th stirred up a desire in Americans to want to protect and defend this nation. The Patriot Act is a tool for defending our fundamental rights and freedoms from and enemy who will show no mercy. Terrorists are e... ...make the provisions of the Patriot Act more permanent and secure. We have let the terrorists go far beyond our reach. They are now embedded into all sections of our cultures. We can trust no one and must do whatever necessary to ensure that there will never be another event like September 11th. The actions we take today will affect who we are tomorrow. What we so now will form the future of this nation. The religion of the terrorists is to destroy Americans for a greater reward in their heaven. They are relentless and will stop at nothing. We, therefore, must always be vigilant and on guard, and support the Patriot Act. The Patriot Act lets us rest assured that future generations will live in a safe and free world. Works Cited: ACLU of Northern California. (Online) Available http://www.aclunc.org. February 23,2003 National ACLU. (Online) Available http://aclu.org/Files/openFile.cfm?id+10897, December 17,2002. President Bush's remarks on signing USA-Patriot Act. (Online) Available www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/10/20011026-5.html, December, 2001. U.S Department of Justice. (Online) Available www.usdoj.lifeandliberty.gov/subs/q_support.htm, October 25,2001

Evaluating a Health Promotion Website Essay -- Health Care, Nursing

Introduction This assignment intends to review the concept of nursing shift handover. Nursing handover can be defined as an important time to exchange information pertinent to the continued care of their patients (Pothier, Monteiro, Nooktlar et al. 2005). Methods of handover are varied, ranging from taped, verbal, by the bedside or with typed sheets. In 2010 there were 352,104 registered nurses, midwives and health visitors working in the NHS (RCN, 2011). All of these will partake in a handover of information on a regular basis, in hospitals this handover takes place at least twice day. In 2009/2010 there was 16,806,200 hospital stays in NHS hospitals (IC NHS, 2011). Information about their care would have been exchanged at shift changes, with the quality of each handover ensuring relevant care. Consequently, we can see that handovers effects thousands of nursing staff together with the thousands of patients in the hospital setting. The Health & Safety Executive (1996) stated that handover has several requisites, in particularly that communication between shifts should be accurate and without misunderstandings. The need to improve handovers is international recognized along with the obstacles that need to be overcome. Solutions need to address the healthcare professionals resistance to change, while understanding their time pressures. Additionally, issues relating to staffing levels, language differences and lack of research (WHO, 2007)need to be taken into account. According to Prouse (1995 cited by Carayon,) the cost of a handover in an UK hospice was approximately  £80, (with inflation  £125 (This is Money, 2011)). Additionally, Burke (1999) suggested using taped handovers saves a ward  £16,000 per annum, which may... ...400 results when refined with quantitative or qualitative keywords. Lastly, CINAHL produced best results when using a basic search with 'nursing handover' used, resulting in 23 articles. Each database requires different techniques, sometimes narrowing or opening the search parameters. Parameter of date and location were employed. Consequently, papers needed form 2001 onwards, original research and from the UK, thus avoiding cultural discrepancies and ensuring applicable to practice. Additionally, they needed to be hospital based and preferably in a ward setting. The qualitative paper selected was 'A qualitative study of shift handover practice and function' (Kerr, 2001) and the quantitative paper was 'A Pilot study to show the loss of important data in nursing handover'(Pothier D., Monteiro P., Nooktlar M. et al., 2005). These will now be critiqued in turn.

A Clean Well-lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway Essay

â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place† by Ernest Hemingway â€Å"A Days Wait† by Ernest Hemingway â€Å"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber† by Ernest Hemingway â€Å"Indian Camp† by Ernest Hemingway â€Å"Soldier’s Home† by Ernest Hemingway Ernest Hemingway has presented us with some of the best literature of the 20th century. He has been recognized in recent times as one of the greatest writers of all time, and the effect his work has left upon us is compared with that of Shakespeare’s. His great success could be due, in part, to the fact that characters in his literature lead lives which mirror his own in many ways. Literary critics have dubbed these parallels â€Å"code heroes,† and have presented guidelines as to what lifestyles they lead in Hemingway’s stories. I wish to show similarities in the presence of these certain, uniform traits that are common among Hemingway’s code hero in the stories, â€Å"A Cle an Well-Lighted Place† and â€Å"A Day’s Wait,† both by Ernest Hemingway. The specific elements that make up a code hero are as follows: (1) â€Å"Eat, drink, and be merry, because tomorrow you may die.† (2) â€Å"When you’re dead, you’re dead.† (3) â€Å"Avoid death at all cost, but don’t be afraid to die.† (4) â€Å"Always be disciplined, never show emotion.† (5) â€Å"Grace under pressure.† (6) Nada concept – a code hero is not comfortable at night. They become most active during darkness, because they fear it and try to avoid it at all times. In the short story, â€Å"A Day’s Wait,† the presence of code hero traits is evident in the thoughts, words, and actions of Schatz, the main character in the story. Schatz is a small child who believes that he is going to die, yet he does not fear it. Instead, the boy lies in bed and takes it. He understands that death is an accepted reality rather than a worrisome end for a code hero. Schatz forces himself to be strong for his father. He tells him, â€Å"You don’t have to stay in here with me, Papa, if it bothers you.† Schatz continues to prove himself as a code hero by constantly stifling any emotion that he is feeling. He never once shares with his father the immense turmoil that is present within himself. When his father asks him how he feels, he simply replies, â€Å"Just the same, so far.† This is an adequate reply for a Hemingway code hero because he always feels the presence of an undying peace that is control. He knows that he must exhibit an unyielding grace  under pressure. Schatz epitomizes all of these characteristics, and not only because his coded behavior is undeniable, but because he is not a soldier at the front or a man with a crippling injury which no longer allows him to enjoy life, he is only a boy of nine years. Schatz displays a grace that most adults can not fathom. He is determined to show an emotional strength that is beyond his years. As with most of Hemingway’s code heroes, Schatz is aware of the awkward feeling in which darkness presents. His father tells him to go to bed several times, but Schatz knows that he must remain conscious and enjoy his last hours of life. If he allows himself to pass onto a vulnerable state that is sleep, he knows that he may not wake up. â€Å"I’d rather stay awake,† he tells his father in the uneventful way in which only a code hero can. The old man in the short story â€Å"A Clean Well-Lighted Place† also understands what it takes to be one of Hemingway’s elite. He drinks every night until he is drunk, because he knows that tonight may be his last. He knows that the world is a constant struggle and that he must be victor, lest he lose the game. For once the game is lost, it is not an easy task to play again. In the world of a code hero, there are no rewards for second place. Once the old man is done, he knows that he can never return in the glory which he once enjoyed. But he does not fear this. That would not be the style which suits him. In fact, we learn that the old man welcomes death, â€Å"He hung himself with a rope.† He possesses an advantage above those who fear death. He feels that he would be happier in death than in life. The old man proves to us that he is unhappy, but he cannot show this. He remains dignified in his agony and understands that it would not be â€Å"sporting† to end the game this way. His respect comes from playing the game well, for he is a code hero. Even in the drunken stagger that he must fight every night during his long walk home, he is collected, a decorated soldier who proudly fights the good battle. â€Å"The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity.† The old man, as all code heroes must, also denies the presence of darkness. Hemingway uses particular code elements more than others in certain stories, and this is no  exception. The short story â€Å"A Clean Well-Lighted Place† is completely based on the nada concept. The narrator explains the old man’s need for a lighted place in order to somehow prevent the unbearable loneliness in which he refuses to succumb to. Hemingway, in his genius, understands this need in all of us. In his representation of this light, he triggers the same feeling of warmth that the old man has grown to depend on. The old man goes to that place in his childhood in which he remembers the freshly washed countertop, the warm, fluorescent glow of a grandmother’s kitchen at night just before bedtime. Just like all of us, he does not want to go to bed. He longs to be awake and in the presence of that security. Many similarities are seen between the code heroes of Schatz, in â€Å"A Day’s Wait,† and the old man from â€Å"A Clean Well-Lighted Place.† Both possess a quality which allows them to view death differently. They are able to see a larger picture in which they play the game well, but when they are through they must accept the fact that they cannot go back. This ability to view death is what allows Schatz to accept an early end, and also what gives the old man the strength to stare his maker in the eyes and kick the chair out from underneath himself. Both Schatz and the old man are able to eliminate the emotions which complicate all of our lives. In the possession of this trait, both characters are able to focus completely on the task which is at hand. Schatz knows that he must be strong for his father, so he can waste no time on feelings. The old man also knows that he has another purpose in life than to promote charity. He is called to live a life worthy of a code hero’s recognition. He is called to play the game better than anyone else until the end no longer permits him to. These characters both force themselves to carry on a dignified existence. Schatz knows that wailing and carrying-on do not exist in the world of a code hero. He knows that the only way he can face death is with the same attitude that he faced each day of his existence. To give up now would be losing the battle. The old man also knows how to lead a life of dignity. â€Å"I wouldn’t want to be that old. An old man is a nasty thing. Not always. This old man is clean. He drinks without spilling. Even now, drunk. Look at him.† It is evident to the waiter that the old man is somehow controlled by an invisible force, an internal force, which does not allow him to give any impression except one of control, one of grace. Lastly, these two code heroes share a respect for darkness. This respect incorporates everything that darkness represents. They cannot fear darkness, for it is not in the nature of a code hero to fear anything, but they also cannot forget the feeling that darkness gives them. In the short story â€Å"A Day’s Wait,† the obvious observation must be made that the boy never once allows himself to become vulnerable in the unreadiness which is sleep. The old man is so uncomfortable with this vulnerability that he lives out darkness underneath a ceiling light in a cafÃÆ' © booth. Schatz and the old man are examples of Hemingway code heroes at their best. In each short story that Hemingway’s pen has graced, we see a character who can be considered heroic in a way specific to themselves and to Ernest Hemingway. However, it is when these single characters are presented in the light of a comparison that it is possible to see just exactly what Hemingway was trying to accomplish in developing each of them.